Power asymmetries are common across the workplace, and can significantly undermine effective cooperation.  Research from the University of Michigan highlights how communication can help to mitigate any negative effects of such power asymmetries.

The researchers examined how people with minimal power in a group respond to the actions of those with more power.  They were especially interested to understand whether it’s words or actions that tend to speak louder.  They explain that traditionally, we assume that it is our actions that speak louder than our words, as our behaviors more accurately reflect our true motivations.  When there is a disconnect between the two, we accuse people of paying “lip service”.

Empty promises

The assumption is that because of the risk of empty promises, we can only really count on people’s deeds rather than their words.  The researchers explain, however, that this belief is largely based on our assumption that we have freedom of choice over both our words and actions.

The researchers focus on situations in which our actions are constrained by circumstances beyond our control.  They hoped to compare what happens when we can and cannot speak.  The analysis found that when we’re prevented from contributing with our actions, but we are able to speak up, these words can often be enough to mitigate the impact of selfish behavior.

In other words, if those with power behave selfishly, the ability for people with less power to speak up can mitigate the selfishness of the powerful.  For instance, the researchers cite the often long waiting times for emergency treatment, and how a lack of communication can create the impression that you’re not important.  The reality, of course, is that there may simply be other people with more pressing needs than yourself, and a few seconds spent explaining this can help to mitigate any unease.

The researchers remind us that when we confidently state that actions speak louder than words, we often exclude the importance of emotions from the equation, both in terms of those we feel ourselves and those we generate in others.  These emotions, whether positive or negative, can serve as a vital resource to help bring people together and mitigate potential conflicts.