We’re undoubtedly living in a period of intense change, with war in Ukraine and the Covid pandemic disrupting so many aspects of our lives. A recent report from Australia’s National Science Agency explores some of the wider trends that underpin life today, and will shape it in the future.

The report builds on a previous paper from the same team that was published in 2012, called Our Future World, which also examined future megatrends. Indeed, many of the trends identified in that original report are now a reality, such as the extreme heat linked to climate change, and challenges around flooding and bushfires.

Climate crisis

Perhaps unsurprisingly, adapting to climate change remains a major trend identified in the latest report, with weather-related hazards a more common occurrence. The authors argue that heatwaves are likely to be 85% more frequent in Australia, with their severity and duration also likely to rise.

There will also be challenges around food, water, and energy resources, with a need for new solutions to meet the growing demand for inherently finite resources. This is likely to require advances in things like synthetic biology and renewable energy.

The authors also highlight a range of health-related trends, including rising rates of chronic illness, aging populations, and the growing challenge posed by mental health issues. These are likely to drive unsustainable growth in healthcare spending that is predicted to grow faster than GDP in most OECD countries.

Digital economy

The report also highlights the growing importance of digital technology in society. There was considerable investment in digital tools during the pandemic, and this is likely to continue, with the authors highlighting how 40% of Australians work remotely on a regular basis.

They also believe that the capabilities of AI will continue to develop and be applied across the economy. Despite this, they urge society to continue focusing on the human dimension and ensure that trust, transparency and environmental and social governance retain their importance.

“Megatrends are trajectories of change that typically unfold over years or decades and have the potential for substantial and transformative impact,” the authors explain. “Using these megatrends, we can focus our science and technology on the big things that matter the most and create real value for all Australians.”