Humanity must reconsider its approach to migration as the climate crisis accelerates global changes, according to research from the University of Exeter.
As significant migration is anticipated and border policies become more restrictive, the researchers argue that the “time is ripe to highlight the benefits of collaboration between nations and regions.”
Change needed
By emphasizing the positive aspects of migration, especially given the challenges of aging populations, global leaders can create a brighter future for both individuals and societies.
“Millions of people are expected to be displaced by rising sea levels in the coming decades, and by the end of the century, 2 billion could be exposed to extreme heat beyond their experience,” the researchers note.
“Failing to acknowledge or address the inevitable global redistribution of people could lead to geopolitical instability and a divided world.
“Instead, the international community must work together to rethink mobility and cultural integration to ensure a smooth transition to this new reality.”
Across borders
To date, most climate-related migration has occurred within countries, with people moving away from areas suffering from declining agricultural productivity or escaping threats like coastal erosion and extreme weather events. While larger countries with diverse climates can absorb these shifts, smaller nations cannot.
The study also points out that a “skewed distribution of wealth and power” complicates people’s ability to move, both within and across borders.
“While many animal species are already altering their geographical ranges in response to climate change, and humans have historically done the same, we now face increasing barriers,” the researchers explain.
“Global warming worsens existing inequalities, making habitability a major political challenge for this century.
“Concrete cooperation is needed to align migrant flows with labor demands, benefiting both the Global South and developed nations.”
Reforms needed
The paper suggests that major reforms in the food system, facilitated by worker movement, could boost production and protect nature, particularly if meat consumption is reduced in favor of plant-based diets.
Migration, therefore, offers a win-win scenario for people and the climate, but leaders must advocate for the economic benefits and effective integration of migrants.
“Focusing on the social costs of migration may appeal to nationalist sentiments but fails to address the challenges posed by aging populations,” the authors conclude.
“Instead, leaders should emphasize the economic and social advantages of new populations and effective integration, which benefits both newcomers and existing residents.
“Every part of the world must prepare for the upcoming climate crisis and promote the safe and beneficial movement of people as conditions evolve.”
