Owning a home early in life can add months to a man’s lifespan, according to a new study by Oxford University. The research focused on male Americans born in the early 20th century and found that homeownership in early adulthood was linked to about four extra months of life on average.

The effect was slightly larger for White men, who gained an estimated 0.42 years of life expectancy, compared with 0.36 years for Black men. The study suggests that policies promoting fair access to homeownership for Black Americans could help reduce racial gaps in life expectancy.

Stark inequalities

The research also highlighted stark inequalities in homeownership rates during the 20th century. In 1940, fewer than 10% of Black Americans aged 18–25 owned homes, compared with nearly double the rate for their White peers. By age 65, only 40% of Black Americans owned homes, reflecting systemic barriers like slavery and racism.

Using census and social security records, the researchers compared siblings to isolate the effects of owning a home between ages 24 and 35. While owning property often builds wealth and improves health, the study found the value of the home made little difference to life expectancy. Other factors, such as a stronger sense of community, better living conditions, and the psychological benefits of ownership, may explain the longer lives of homeowners.

Homeowners in their mid-20s lived about six months longer at age 65 than renters, even after accounting for education, income, marital status, and other factors. However, the study’s focus on early 20th-century American men means its findings may not apply to other groups.

The authors hope the research will encourage policymakers to address racial disparities in homeownership and recognize its potential to improve health and longevity.